Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including public works such as roads, bridges, canals, dams, airports, sewage systems, pipelines, structural components of buildings, and railways ¹². It is one of the oldest engineering disciplines and is considered to be the second-oldest after military engineering ². Civil engineering can be divided into several sub-disciplines such as structural engineering, environmental engineering, geotechnical engineering, transportation engineering, and more ². The profession has been an aspect of life since the beginnings of human existence. The earliest practice of civil engineering may have commenced between 4000 and 2000 BC in ancient Egypt, the Indus Valley civilization, and Mesopotamia (ancient Iraq) when humans started to abandon a nomadic existence, creating a need for the construction of shelter. During this time, transportation became increasingly important leading to the development of the wheel and sailing ²..
Source: Conversation with Bing, 01/11/2023
(1) . https://bing.com/search?q=Civil+Engineering+definition.
(2) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_engineering#:~:text=Civil%20engineering%20is%20a%20professional%20engineering%20discipline%20that,systems%2C%20pipelines%2C%20structural%20components%20of%20buildings%2C%20and%20railways.. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_engineering.
(3) Civil engineering | Definition, History, Functions, Branches, & Facts .... https://www.britannica.com/technology/civil-engineering.
(4) What is Civil Engineering? (Definition, Types and Job Salary). https://www.twi-global.com/technical-knowledge/faqs/what-is-civil-engineering.
(5) undefined. http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/.
(6) Getty Images. https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/photo/civil-engineer-working-at-blueprints-royalty-free-image/851805768.
